How to Fix Suspension Issues in the BMW X1? (5+ Pro Tips)

By Vroomouk
Page last updated: 11/08/2023 | Next review date: 11/08/2025
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In this brief article we are going to discuss the suspension issues that occur in the BMW X1, what causes these failures and some troubleshooting tips.

The Top 6 Most Common problems with BMW X1 Suspension are:

  • Defective Front Strut Bumpstop
  • Front Suspension Drop in Height
  • Rear Squeaking Noise
  • Front Lower Control Arm Failure
  • Front Strut Top Mount failure
  • Front ‘Clunk’ Noise

BMW X1 Suspension

The X1 is BMW’s entry-level compact SUV model launched in 2009. The first generation of X1 was called E84 and it was built on the 3 series E90 platform. The second generation was built on the F48 (2015) platform.

The front suspension is a MacPherson Strut arrangement but with 2 separate Lower control arms instead of the conventional single A-arm.

The rear changed from a simple trailing arm of the previous E30 to the more advanced “Z-link” rear suspension. This arrangement has a large semi-trailing arm, an upper link and a lower link per side. 

Defective Front Strut Bump Stop

  •  As per the Technical Service Bulletin SI 31 03 16, certain cars manufactured from April 4, 2016 to April 5, 2016, have a defective front Bump Stop
  • If this defective Bump Stopper is not replaced, there are chances that the coil spring could get damaged

Front suspension Drop in Height

Symptom:

  • One side of the front suspension is lower compared to the other side
  • Can be verified by measuring the distance between the wheel center and a reference point on the body like the fender edge
  • More common with 2016-17 model years

Troubleshooting Front suspension Drop in Height

  • This a known issue as per BMW TSB SI B31 05 14
  • The Front Strut has slipped down through the Wheel hub clamp, thus causing the Strut top mount to drop
  • The Root cause or this is a severe impact from the road like a Bump, Pothole or even a sharp Kerb
  • As per the TSB, solution would be to replace both the Front Strut as well as the wheel spindle as a minimum
  • Depending on the extent of damage, other suspension components may also need replacement like Tie rods, CV joints and Anti Roll bar Drop links

Rear Squeaking Noise

Symptoms:

  • The Rear squeaking happens during normal driving
  • Squeak is heard even on a smooth road

Troubleshooting Rear Squeaking Noise

  • In order to identify where exactly the squeak is coming from, you can simulate the rear suspension movement and closely observe the squeak closely
  • For this, lift your rear body and place it on Jack-stands
  • Now use a hydraulic jack to lift and lower the rear wheel hub to simulate suspension movement
  • Move the rear wheel carrier up and down a few times and listen closely for the source of the squeak noise.
  • If needed, you can use a long shaft Screwdriver and place the handle at your ear while the tip is at various suspension mounting points.
  • Lower Control  arms are known to squeak from past experience
  • If the Bushing has worn out, then they need to be replaced.
  • But, however, if the bushing is still intact and in working condition, you can try a “Quick-Fix” solution to eliminate the noise problem

QuickFix for Rear Control Arm Bushing Squeak

  • Use a Pointed tool to poke holes into the exposed Rubber Portion of the Bush
  • Spray a long-lasting lubricant like WD 40 or Wurth ultra 2040 into the new bushing holes using a nozzle
  • Once again, using the Hydraulic Jack, move the rear wheel carrier up and down in order to let the lubricant spread throughout the joint.
  • Lower the vehicle and see if the problem has been eliminated in normal driving

 

Front Lower Control Arm Failure

Symptoms:

  • ‘Cracking’ Noise coming from the front
  • The car seems to be drifting; poor handling
  • Steering seems vague while Lane Changing
  • Uneven Tire Wear pattern
  • Usually seen in BMW X1 2016-17 model years

Root Cause:

  • Due to a Tire wear issue, it can be inferred that the alignment of the front suspension is not within the recommended settings. But this is still a symptom.
  • The Lower control arm, which has 2 bushings and 1 ball-joint, largely influences the suspension alignment settings.
  • As per BMW TSB B310116 (2017), the ‘Cracking’ sound is a known issue and is solved by replacing the Lower Control Arms

Troubleshooting Front Lower Control Arm Failure: Bushing

  • Lower Control Arm bushings wear out over time and crack due to age
  • To assess the bushing condition, you can use a Pry-bar and insert it between the Lower control arm and the Subframe. Now, try to move the Lower Control arm using the Pry-bar and observe the movement at the Bush location. If the lower control arm moves without much force, then it means that the bushes have worn out.
  • When inspecting the Lower control arm after removal, it is clear that there are tears and cracks in the rubber portion.
  • The rearward Bushing can be replaced separately without replacing the control arm. The forward Bushing is integrated into the control arm however.

Troubleshooting Front Lower Control Arm Bushing Failure: Lower Control Arm Ball-Joint

  • The Front lower control arm ball-joints are also subject to wear and tear.
  • The deterioration is usually initiated as a crack or rupture in the rubber boot around the ball-joint
  • This leads to loss of lubrication and ultimately complete wear out
  • The wear out causes play or movement accompanied by knocking noise. The play in the ball-joint is one of the reasons for the vehicle steering feeling value
  • You can easily check for Ball-joint condition by this simple procedure:
    • Get the car on a Ramp
    • Lock the steering wheel
    • Hold the front tire with both your hands and try to steer the wheel
    • If you hear a ‘Knock’ or ‘Click’, then it is very much likely that the noise is due to a play in the Ball-joint

Pro-Tip

  • For Rusted Bolt connections that are hard to Break-open, do not try repeatedly using hand or pneumatic tools.
  • Always first soak it for 10-15 min after spraying a good Rust-penetrant

Front Strut Top Mount Failure

Symptoms:

  • When the car is at standstill or very slow speed, ‘Knocking’ or ‘Creaking’ sound every time the steering wheel is turned
  • The noise increases when trying to lock the steering in parking

Troubleshooting Front Strut Top Mount Failure

  • The Top Strut Mount contains a Bushing as well as a bearing that allows the strut to rotate while steering
  • Generally, when the Top Strut mount is damaged, both the bushing as well as the bearing fail and restricts the strut from rotation during steering. 
  • The bearing failure causes the knock and creak noises while locking the steering.
  • The Bushing failure causes the Knocking and Popping noises driving over a rough patch.
  • The Strut Top Mount is assembled along with the Front Shock Absorber Strut. So for removing this, you would need to disassemble the Front Strut.
  • The front strut top mount may also be defective. As per the Technical Service Bulletin from BMW SI B31 05 16, for the cars manufactured Sept 2016 and older, the defective parts were replaced under warranty.

Pro Tip

  • In the interest of safety, Always use a safe method to compress and Decompress the Spring while dismantling the front strut assembly.
  • It is preferred to use a Hydraulic or Pneumatic Strut removal fixture
  • If that isn’t available, then use a Lead-Screw Type of Spring Compressor

Front ‘Clunk’ Noise

Symptoms:

  • Almost a continuous “Clunking” noise during normal driving
  • The noise gets really worse on a rough patch or uneven road

Troubleshooting Front ‘Clunk’ Noise

  • Front Clunk noises on a Rough patch is most indicative of Anti-Roll bar (ARB) linkage related issue
  • Apart from cornering, the ARB’s work a lot while driving on a rough road since the wheels articulate in a roll motion
  • Inspect the ARB assembly and check all linkages
  • The first linkage to fail within the ARB assembly is the Drop Links
  • The Rubber boot covering the ball-joint usually ruptures due to ageing and the ball-joint inside loses lubrication and eventually rusts or seizes

Other articles about  BMW you may be interested in

BMW Chassis Mounted Shifter Explained

The BMW adaptive suspension System

What are the BMW suspension Systems?

Conclusion

In this brief article we have discussed the suspension issues that occur in the BMW X1, what causes these failures and some troubleshooting tips.

References

https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2017/MC-10146537-9999.pdf

https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2016/MC-10147538-9999.pdf

https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2016/MC-10146950-9999.pdf

https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2016/MC-10146949-9999.pdf